A globe is a three-dimensional scale model of Earth (terrestrial globe) or other spheroid celestial body such as a planet, star, or moon. It may also refer to a spherical representation of the celestial sphere, showing the apparent positions of the stars and constellations in the sky (celestial globe). The word "globe" comes from the Latin word ''globus'', meaning round mass or sphere.

Terrestrial and planetary

A globe is the only representation of the earth that does not distort either the shape or the size of large features; flat maps are created using a map projection that inevitably introduces an increasing amount of distortion the larger the area that the map shows. A typical scale for a terrestrial globe is roughly 1:40 million.

Sometimes a globe has surface texture showing topography; in these, elevations are exaggerated, otherwise they would be hardly visible. Most modern globes are also imprinted with parallels and meridians so that one can tell the approximate coordinates of a specific place. Globes provide the best view of Earth today.

Celestial

Celestial globes show the apparent positions of the stars in the sky. They omit the Sun, Moon and planets because the positions of these bodies vary relative to those of the stars, but the ecliptic, along which the Sun moves, is indicated.

A potential issue arises regarding the "handedness" of celestial globes. If the globe is constructed so that the stars are in the positions they actually occupy on the imaginary celestial sphere, then the star field will appear back-to-front on the surface of the globe (all the constellations will appear as their mirror images). This is because the view from Earth, positioned at the centre of the celestial sphere, is of the ''inside'' of the celestial sphere, whereas the celestial globe is viewed from the ''outside''. For this reason, celestial globes may be produced in mirror image, so that at least the constellations appear the "right way round". Some modern celestial globes address this problem by making the surface of the globe transparent. The stars can then be placed in their proper positions and viewed ''through'' the globe, so that the view is of the inside of the celestial sphere, as it is from Earth.

History

The sphericity of the Earth was established by Hellenistic astronomy in the 3rd century BC, and the earliest terrestrial globe appeared from that period. The earliest known example is the one constructed by Crates of Mallus in Cilicia (now Çukurova in modern-day Turkey), in the mid-2nd century BC.

No terrestrial globes from Antiquity or the Middle Ages have survived. An example of a surviving celestial globe is part of a Hellenistic sculpture, called the Farnese Atlas, surviving in a 2nd century AD Roman copy in the Naples Museum, Italy.

Early terrestrial globes depicting the entirety of the Old World were constructed in the Islamic Golden Age. One such example was constructed in the 9th century by Muslim geographers and cartographers working under the Abbasid caliph, Al-Ma'mun. Another example was the terrestrial globe introduced to Beijing by the Persian astronomer, Jamal ad-Din, in 1267.

The oldest surviving terrestrial globe is credited to Martin Behaim in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1492. A facsimile globe showing America was made by Martin Waldseemueller in 1507. Another early globe, the Hunt-Lenox Globe, ca. 1507, is thought to be the source of the phrase "Here be dragons". Another "remarkably modern-looking" terrestrial globe of the Earth was constructed by Taqi al-Din at the Istanbul observatory of Taqi al-Din during the 1570s.

An unusually high proportion of vintage 20th century world globes feature the Australian town of Birdum, which no longer exists but once held an important position at the end of the Northern Australian Railway.

Manufacture

Mass-produced globes are typically covered by a printed paper map. The most common type has long, thin gores (strips) of paper that narrow to a point at the North Pole and the South Pole. Then a small disk is used to paper over the inevitable irregularities at the poles. The more gores there are, the less stretching and crumpling is required to make the paper map fit the sphere. From a geometric point of view, all points on a sphere are equivalent – one could select any arbitrary point on the Earth, and create a paper map that covers the Earth with strips that come together at that point and the antipodal point.

A globe is usually mounted at a 23.5° angle on bearings. In addition to making it easy to use this mounting also represents the angle of the planet in relation to its sun and the spin of the planet. This makes it easy to visualize how days and seasons change.

Notable examples

The Unisphere in Queens, New York, at 120 feet (36.6 m) in diameter, is the world's largest global structure.

Eartha, currently the world's largest rotating globe ( in diameter), at the Delorme headquarters in Yarmouth, Maine The Mapparium, three-story, stained glass globe at the Mary Baker Eddy Library in Boston, which visitors walk through via a glass bridge. The Babson globe in Wellesley, Massachusetts, a globe which originally rotated on its axis and on its base to simulate day and night and the seasons

The giant globe in the lobby of The News Building in New York City.

The Hitler Globe, also known as the Führer globe, was formally named the Columbus Globe for State and Industry Leaders. Two editions existed during Hitler's lifetime, created during the mid-1930s on his orders. (The second edition changed the name of Abyssinia to Italian East Africa). These globes were "enormous" and very costly. According to the New York Times, "the real Columbus globe was nearly the size of a Volkswagen and, at the time, more expensive." Several still exist, including three in Berlin: one at a geographical institute, one at the Märkisches Museum, and another at the Deutsches Historisches Museum. The latter has a Soviet bullet hole through Germany. One of the two in public collections in Munich has an American bullet hole through Germany. There are several in private hands inside and out of Germany. A much smaller version of Hitler's globe was mocked by Charlie Chaplin in ''The Great Dictator'', a film released in 1940.

Gallery

See also

Armillary sphere

Cartography

Dymaxion map

Emery Molyneux

Google Earth

NASA World Wind

Johannes Schöner globe

Virtual globe

References

External links

ppmglobe - generate strips to glue onto a sphere

3D VRML globe

3D Java Globe with coastlines, parallels, meridians, etc.

Category:Map types

az:Qlobus bs:Globus bg:Глобус ca:Globus terraqüi cs:Glóbus da:Globus de:Globus et:Gloobus es:Globo terráqueo eo:Globuso fr:Globe planétaire ga:Cruinneog gl:Globo terráqueo ko:지구본 hy:Գլոբուս hr:Globus (svijet) id:Globe io:Globo it:Globo he:גלובוס ka:გლობუსი lv:Globuss lt:Gaublys ms:Glob nl:Globe ja:地球儀 no:Globus pl:Globus pt:Globo terrestre ru:Глобус scn:Crobbu simple:Globe sk:Glóbus sl:Globus sr:Глобус fi:Karttapallo sv:Jordglob tl:Globo tg:Глобус uk:Глобус zh:地球儀

birth date	November 13, 1953
birth place	Monroe, Georgia, U.S.
occupation	Actress
yearsactive	1978–present
spouse	Jan Munroe (1992-present)
website	}}

Frances Conroy (born November 13, 1953) is an American actress. She is most widely known for playing the matriarch Ruth O'Connor Fisher Sibley on the HBO funeral drama series ''Six Feet Under'', which earned her a Golden Globe in 2004.

Early life

Conroy was born in Monroe, Georgia to a business executive father and a mother who also worked in business. She studied drama at the Neighborhood Playhouse and the Juilliard School in New York City. She was a student at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania during the school year 1971-1972 where she was a member of the Mermaid Players and appeared in college theatrical productions.

Career

During the 1970s, she performed regularly with regional and touring theatrical companies (most notably The Acting Company), and appeared as Desdemona at the Delacorte Theatre in a production of ''Othello'' with Richard Dreyfuss and Raul Julia. One of her first film appearances was as a Shakespearean actress in Woody Allen's 1979 classic, ''Manhattan''. In 1980, she made a very well-received Broadway debut in Edward Albee's ''The Lady From Dubuque''. She focused primarily on her stage career for the next two decades, appearing in such productions as ''Our Town'', ''The Little Foxes'', and ''The Ride Down Mt. Morgan'', receiving one Tony and four Drama Desk Award nominations (including a Drama Desk win for ''The Secret Rapture''). Conroy had a small role in the 1984 movie ''Falling in Love'', as a waitress in a swanky restaurant.

In 1992, Conroy became friends with playwright Arthur Miller, which led to her involvement in many of his productions on both stage and screen. During this period, she also appeared on television shows, miniseries, and made-for-TV movies, and met and married fellow actor Jan Munroe.

In 2008, she landed a guest role in ABC's ''Desperate Housewives'' as Virginia Hildebrand, a rich woman who tries to buy the Solis family's love. But Eva Longoria's character, Gabrielle Solis, declines Virginia's motives, despite being open to receiving her entire fortune.

In 2010, Conroy played Madylyn, the wife of Robert De Niro's character Jack Mabrey, in the John Curran thriller ''Stone''.

Conroy is best known for her critically acclaimed work on HBO's original drama series ''Six Feet Under'' playing family matriarch Ruth Fisher. For her work on the series, Conroy was nominated for four Emmy Awards (one for every year she was eligible) and won a Golden Globe and three Screen Actors Guild Awards.

Conroy's new show American Horror Story where she plays Housekeeper, it is set the premire October 5, 2011.

Filmography

''Falling in Love'' (1984)

''Dirty Rotten Scoundrels'' (1988)

''Another Woman'' (1988)

''Crimes and Misdemeanors'' (1989)

''Billy Bathgate'' (1991)

''Scent of a Woman'' (1992)

''Sleepless in Seattle'' (1993)

''The Adventures of Huck Finn'' (1993)

''Developing'' (1995)

''The Neon Bible'' (1995)

''The Crucible'' (1996)

''Six Feet Under'' (2001–2005)

''Maid in Manhattan'' (2002)

''Die Mommie Die!'' (2003)

''Catwoman'' (2004)

''The Aviator'' (2004)

''Shopgirl'' (2005)

''Broken Flowers'' (2005)

''Ira and Abby'' (2006)

''The Wicker Man'' (2006)

''The Seeker: The Dark is Rising'' (2007)

''Humboldt County'' (2008)

''The Tale of Despereaux'' (2008)

''Desperate Housewives'' (2008)

''Last Chance Harvey'' (2008)

''How I Met Your Mother'' (2009 and 2010)

''Love Happens'' (2009)

''Waking Madison'' (2009)

''New in Town'' (2009)

''Stay Cool'' (2009)

''Shelter'' (2009)

''Nip/Tuck'' (2010)

''Happy Town'' (2010)

''Stone'' (2010)

''Grey's Anatomy'' (2010)

''United States of Tara'' (2011)

''American Horror Story'' (2011)

''Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz'' (2011) - Aunt Em and Glinda (voice)

References

External links

Category:1953 births Category:American film actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:Actors from Georgia (U.S. state) Category:Juilliard School alumni Category:Living people Category:Ward Melville High School alumni Category:People from Walton County, Georgia Category:Drama Desk Award winners Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners

de:Frances Conroy es:Frances Conroy fr:Frances Conroy ko:프랜시스 콘로이 it:Frances Conroy he:פרנסס קונרוי ka:ფრენსის კონროი nl:Frances Conroy ja:フランセス・コンロイ pl:Frances Conroy pt:Frances Conroy ru:Конрой, Фрэнсис sh:Frances Conroy fi:Frances Conroy sv:Frances Conroy

birth name	Teri Lynn Hatcher
birth date	December 08, 1964
birth place
occupation	Actress, presenter, writer
years active	1985–present
spouse	Marcus Leithold (1988–1989)Jon Tenney (1994–2003) }}

Teri Lynn Hatcher (born , 1964) is an American actress. She is known for her television roles as Susan Mayer on the ABC comedy-drama series ''Desperate Housewives'', and Lois Lane on the ABC comedy-drama series ''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman''. In 2005 her ''Desperate Housewives'' work won her the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and the Screen Actor's Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actress in a Comedy Series.

Early life

Hatcher was born in Palo Alto, California, the daughter of Esther (née Beshur), a computer programmer who worked for Lockheed Martin, and Owen W. Hatcher, a nuclear physicist and electrical engineer. Hatcher's father is of Welsh and Choctaw Native American descent, and her mother is of half Syrian and half French/German descent. Teri Hatcher took ballet lessons at the San Juan School of Dance in Los Altos. Her big debut was as the lead flying monkey in the "Wiz Of Oz." Hatcher grew up in Sunnyvale, California. and attended Mango Junior High (now Sunnyvale Middle School), Fremont High School in Sunnyvale and De Anza College in Cupertino. As an undergraduate she studied mathematics and engineering.

In March 2006 Hatcher revealed to ''Vanity Fair'' that she was sexually abused from the age of five by Richard Hayes Stone, an uncle by marriage who was later divorced by Hatcher's aunt. She said her parents were unaware of the abuse at the time. In 2002 she assisted Santa Clara County prosecutors with their indictment of Stone for a more recent molestation that led his female victim to commit suicide at the age of 14. Stone plead guilty to four counts of child molestation and was sentenced to 14 years in prison. In an interview appearing in ''Vanity Fair'', Hatcher said she told the prosecutors about her own abuse because she was haunted by thoughts of the 14-year-old girl who shot herself, and feared Stone might escape conviction. Stone died of colon cancer on August 19, 2008, having served six years of his sentence.

Career

Hatcher studied acting at the American Conservatory Theater. One of her early jobs (in 1984) was as an NFL cheerleader with the San Francisco 49ers. From September 1985 to May 1986 she joined the cast of the TV series ''The Love Boat'', playing the role of "Amy", one of the "Mermaid" showgirls. From 1986 to 1989, she appeared in the recurring role of "Penny Parker" opposite Richard Dean Anderson's eponymous hero on the TV series ''MacGyver''. In 1988, she made a guest appearance in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' as Lt. Robinson. In 1989 she guest-starred in an episode of ''Quantum Leap'' titled "Star Crossed". Hatcher landed a starring role of ''Daily Planet'' reporter Lois Lane (opposite Dean Cain) in ''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman'' from 1993 to 1997. At the height of the show's popularity in 1995, a picture of Hatcher wrapped in a Superman cape was reportedly the most downloaded image on the Internet averaging 20,000 downloads each month for a six-month period. "It's a great shot," she told ''Entertainment Weekly''. "Not so much because it's me. It's just cool looking."

In "Lois and Clark: The New Adventures of Superman," the cast was worried that she would be taller than Superman in heels as she was 5'8" and Dean Cain was 6". Hatcher beat out Monica Bellucci for the role of Paris Carver in the 1997 James Bond film ''Tomorrow Never Dies''. Hatcher was three months pregnant at the filming's start, by her then husband, Jon Tenney. An ABC publicist said the pregnancy did not affect the production schedule. Hatcher later regretted playing Paris Carver, saying, "It's such an artificial kind of character to be playing that you don't get any special satisfaction from it." She was voted the world's sexiest woman by readers of popular men's magazine FHM in the same year. Hatcher also appeared in films such as ''Spy Kids'' (2001), ''Dead in the Water'' (1991), ''2 Days in the Valley'' (1996) and ''The Cool Surface'' (1994). She co-starred with Alec Baldwin in ''Heaven's Prisoners'' (1996), which failed at the box office. ABC cancelled ''Lois & Clark'' in 1997.

Hatcher made a much-discussed guest appearance on a 1993 episode of ''Seinfeld'', in which her character, Sidra, breaks up with Jerry because she believes that Jerry was trying to have Elaine surreptitiously determine whether Sidra had breast implants. ("They're real... and they're spectacular.") She returned to play Sidra in two subsequent episodes.

Hatcher appeared in a series of Radio Shack television commercials alongside NFL player Howie Long. They remain close friends and together have bought farm land on the outskirts of Los Angeles, with the intent of eventually raising endangered species.

Hatcher hosted NBC's ''Saturday Night Live'' in 1996. She beat out four other actresses for one of the lead roles on ABC's ''Desperate Housewives'', on which she stars as Susan Mayer, a role for which she won the Best Actress in a Musical or Comedy Golden Globe Award in January 2005. In 2005, Hatcher won the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) award in the same category. In July 2005, she was nominated for an Emmy award as Best Actress in a Comedy Series for the role, along with costars Marcia Cross and Felicity Huffman.

As of April 2006 Hatcher is one of the highest paid television actresses in the United States. She reportedly earns $285,000 per episode of ''Desperate Housewives''. In May 2006, she released her first book, ''Burnt Toast: And Other Philosophies of Life''.

Hatcher performs The Beatles song "Good Night" on the 2006 charity album ''Unexpected Dreams – Songs From the Stars''.

On April 9, 2008, Hatcher appeared on ''Idol Gives Back'', singing Carrie Underwood's "Before He Cheats".

In 2010 Hatcher made a return to the Superman franchise, with a special guest role in the final season of ''Smallville'' as Lois Lane's mother, Ella Lane. The episode continued a tradition of former Lois Lane actresses portraying the character's mother many years later. Noel Neill appeared as Lois' mother in the 1978 film ''Superman: The Movie'', and Phyllis Coates made a similar appearance on ''Lois & Clark''.

A report in November 2010 suggested that Hatcher, along with co-star Felicity Huffman, would be quitting ''Desperate Housewives'', but ABC denied the claim. Hatcher later addressed the rumors of her departure from ''Desperate Housewives'' saying, "There are not enough adjectives to describe how stupid, off base, and ridiculously untrue this is."

Personal life

Hatcher married Marcus Leithold on June 4, 1988; they divorced the following year. On May 27, 1994, she married actor Jon Tenney; they had a daughter, Emerson Rose, on November 10, 1997, and divorced in March 2003. Hatcher dated Stephen Kay, who played Reginald, the Quartermaines' butler, on ''General Hospital''.

In June 2007, Hatcher appeared on UK chat show ''The Paul O'Grady Show'', where she revealed she writes a column in ''Glamour''.

In February 2008, Hydroderm sued Hatcher for breach of contract, claiming she had promoted the beauty products of other companies. She insisted her promotion of CityLips' lip plumper did not affect the Hydroderm deal. Her attorney Alan Wertheimer called the lawsuit an "unjustified and public assault" on her "good name, reputation and celebrity." Her lawyer persuaded a judge in Los Angeles to move the case to arbitration.

On September 13, 2009, she finished the Malibu Triathlon ( ocean swim, out-and-back bike course, and out-and-back run course) in 2h 6mn 50.7s. She returned to the event in 2010 to complete only the swim portion. Hatcher had been unable to train for the entire event, but completed the swim as a fundraiser.

Hatcher took to the social networking site Facebook on August 11, 2010 to prove that she had not had Botox work done to her face. She was make-up free and sopping wet in the pictures. However, just a few days later, she told Entertainment Tonight that she had Botox done in the past and only took the pictures to prove that she was "normal" looking. She also said she would consider getting Botox again.

Filmography

+List of acting credits in film and television
Title	Year	Role	Notes
''''		Amy, ''Love Boat'' Mermaid	TV series
''MacGyver''		Penny Parker	TV series, seven episodes
! scope="row"		Angelica Stimac Clegg	TV series
''Karen's Song''		Laura Matthews	TV series
''Night Court''		Kitty	TV series, episode: "Who Was That Mashed Man?"
''CBS Summer Playhouse''		Lauri Stevens	TV series, episode: "Baby on Board"
''Star Trek: The Next Generation''		Lt. Bronwyn Gail Robinson
''''		Gretchen
''L.A. Law''		Tracy Shoe	TV series, episode: "I'm in the Nude for Love"
! scope="row"		Donna Eleese	TV series, episode: "Star-Crossed"
''Tango & Cash''		Katherine 'Kiki' Tango
''Murphy Brown''		Madeline Stillwell	TV series, episode: "Fax or Fiction"
! scope="row"		Stacy	TV series, episode: "The Thing from the Grave"
''''		Teresa Gennaro	TV movie
''Soapdish''		Ariel Maloney
! scope="row"		TT Fagori	TV series
! scope="row"		Laura Stewart	TV movie
''''		Marissa	TV series, episode "Eclipse"
''Straight Talk''		Janice
''Brain Smasher... A Love Story''		Samantha Crain	straight-to-video
''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman''		Lois Lane	TV series, 87 episodes
''Seinfeld''		Sidra Holland	TV series, episodes: "The Implant" and "The Pilot"
''''		Dani Payson
''All Tied Up''		Linda Alissio
''Dead Girl''		Passer-by
''Heaven's Prisoners''		Claudette Rocque
''2 Days in the Valley''		Becky Foxx
''Tomorrow Never Dies''		Paris Carver
! scope="row"		Maria Goldstein	TV movie
''Frasier''		Marie	TV series, episode "First Do No Harm"
''Seinfeld''		Sidra Holland	TV series, episode: "The Finale:Part 2"
! scope="row"		Charlotte Parker
! scope="row"		Shawna Morgan	TV movie
! scope="row"			TV movie
''Spy Kids''		Ms. Gradenko
! scope="row"		Jane Doe	TV movie
''''		Megan Marguilas
! scope="row"		Jordan Ripps	TV movie
''Desperate Housewives''		Susan Mayer	TV series
''Two and a Half Men''		Liz	TV series, episode "I Remember the Coatroom, I Just Don't Remember You."
''Resurrecting the Champ''		Andrea Flak
! scope="row"		Coraline's Mother/The Other Mother	voice only
''Smallville''		Ella Lane	TV episode: "Abandoned"

Awards and nominations

+List of acting awards and nominations
! Award	! Year	! Category	! Result	! For
Golden Apple Award		Female Discovery of the Year
Saturn Award				''Tomorrow Never Dies''
Satellite Award				''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award				''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
Screen Actors Guild Award				''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
! scope="row"				''Desperate Housewives''
Golden Globe Award				''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
TCA Award				''Desperate Housewives''
Golden Globe Award		Best Actress in a Television Series, Musical or Comedy		''Desperate Housewives''
People's Choice Award		Favorite Female Television Star
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
Teen Choice Award		TV–Choice Actress		''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
Prism Award		Performance in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)

References

External links

Category:1964 births Category:Living people Category:Actors from California Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American people of Choctaw descent Category:Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:De Anza College alumni Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of French descent Category:National Football League cheerleaders Category:People from the San Francisco Bay Area Category:American people of Syrian descent Category:American people of Welsh descent

af:Teri Hatcher ar:تيري هاتشر az:Teri Hatçer bg:Тери Хачър cs:Teri Hatcher cy:Teri Hatcher da:Teri Hatcher de:Teri Hatcher et:Teri Hatcher es:Teri Hatcher fr:Teri Hatcher fy:Teri Hatcher gv:Teri Hatcher hr:Teri Hatcher id:Teri Hatcher is:Teri Hatcher it:Teri Hatcher he:טרי האטצ'ר lt:Teri Hatcher hu:Teri Hatcher mk:Тери Хачер ms:Teri Hatcher nl:Teri Hatcher ja:テリー・ハッチャー no:Teri Hatcher nn:Teri Hatcher pl:Teri Hatcher pt:Teri Hatcher ro:Teri Hatcher ru:Хэтчер, Тери simple:Teri Hatcher sr:Тери Хачер fi:Teri Hatcher sv:Teri Hatcher tl:Teri Hatcher tr:Teri Hatcher uk:Тері Хетчер vi:Teri Hatcher zh:泰瑞·海契

birthname	Eva Jacqueline Longoria
birth date	March 15, 1975
birth place	Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S.
othername	Eva Longoria Eva Longoria Christopher Eva Longoria Parker
occupation	Actress/Model
yearsactive	2000–present
religion	Roman Catholicism
spouse	Tyler Christopher (2002–2004)Tony Parker (2007–2011) }}

Eva Jacqueline Longoria (born March 15, 1975) is an American actress, best known for portraying Gabrielle Solis on the ABC television series ''Desperate Housewives''. Longoria received a nomination for the 2006 Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Comedy Series for her performance on ''Desperate Housewives''.

Longoria first became famous on television in the soap opera ''The Young and the Restless''. She became nationally recognized in the 2000s after appearing in several high-profile advertising campaigns and numerous men's magazines, reaching #14 in the FHM "Sexiest Women 2008" poll, and having appeared on the cover of various international women's magazines including ''Vogue'', ''Marie Claire'' and ''Harper's Bazaar''.

Early life

Eva Jacqueline Longoria was born in Corpus Christi, Nueces County, Texas, the daughter of Tejano parents, Enrique Longoria, Jr. and Ella Eva Mireles. She was raised Roman Catholic. Longoria is the youngest of four daughters, her sisters being Elizabeth Judina, Emily Jeannette and Esmeralda Josephina. The Longoria family has resided in Texas since before the creation of the United States, predating the English-speaking settlers.

Longoria originally wanted to be a fashion model and sent in photos to a modeling agency but was declined because of her height. Longoria attended Marvin P. Baker Middle School and later Roy Miller High School; she subsequently received her Bachelor of Science degree in kinesiology at nearby Texas A&M University-Kingsville. During this time, she won the title of Miss Corpus Christi, USA in 1998. After completing college, Longoria entered a talent contest that led her to Los Angeles, California; shortly after, she was spotted and signed by a theatrical agent.

Despite working on a farmland that had been handed down to them from past generations, the family often had very little money; Enrique and Ella struggled for many years to give their children a decent upbringing. On ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' in 2006, Longoria shared with viewers an introspective look into the hardships she faced in her formative years while growing up poor; she took cameras on location to the family farm and showed how spartan their life had been. Longoria admitted that only when she had made it in show business, did things begin to look better for her family financially. In another interview with ''Dateline'''s Stone Phillips, she also revealed the snubbing she had received from her siblings. "I grew up as the ugly duckling. They used to call me 'la prieta fea,' which means 'the ugly dark one,'" Longoria said.

Career

Longoria landed her first television role in 2000, guest-starring in an episode of ''Beverly Hills, 90210''. Another guest appearance in ''General Hospital'' the same year brought her big break on the popular American soap opera ''The Young and the Restless'', in which she played psychotic Isabella Braña Williams from 2001 to 2003. After leaving ''The Young and the Restless'', she was seen on the now-cancelled Dick Wolf revival of ''Dragnet''. Following ''Dragnet'', she starred in two ill-fated productions - ''Señorita Justice'', a poorly received direct-to-video film, and a television film titled ''The Dead Will Tell''.

In 2004, Longoria landed the role as adulteress Gabrielle Solis in the worldwide break-out ABC hit ''Desperate Housewives''. She has never considered her career to have jumped off so suddenly: "I think it’s funny when people say I’m an overnight sensation, because I’ve been working at it for 10 years."

Shortly after her debut on ''Desperate Housewives'', Longoria starred in a poorly received direct-to-video film titled ''Carlita's Secret'', for which she was also co-producer. In 2006, she was rewarded for her performance as Gabrielle Solis in ''Desperate Housewives'' when she was nominated for a Golden Globe for Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series - Musical or Comedy along with her co-stars. She was awarded the ALMA Award and named entertainer of the year that year. She also starred opposite Michael Douglas and Kiefer Sutherland in the 2006 thriller ''The Sentinel'', which was her first major role in a theatrical movie. In 2006, she played the character Sylvia in ''Harsh Times'' starring Freddy Rodriguez and Christian Bale.

She has expressed "confusion" over fellow ''Housewives'' actress Nicolette Sheridan's lawsuit against the ''Desperate Housewives'' series creator Marc Cherry.

''People en Español'' listed her among its "Most Beautiful People" for 2003. Longoria continues to be included in lists of Hollywood's Most Beautiful and was listed #1 in ''Maxim'''s Hottest Female Stars of 2005 and 2006, becoming the first woman to top the list in two consecutive years. She was ranked #9 in the magazine's Hot 100 of 2007 list. In honor of ''Maxim's'' 100th issue in 2006, Longoria was featured on a vinyl mesh replica of its January 2005 cover located in a Las Vegas metropolitan area desert.

In January 2007, Longoria was chosen to be the first face of Bebe Sport. She appeared in the Spring/Summer 2007 campaign, photographed by Greg Kadel. The actress also holds model contracts with L'Oréal and Hanes, New York & Co. Longoria also has a contract with Magnum Ice-Cream, and Heineken. She is a part of Microsoft's "I'm A PC" ad campaign, and she and Tony Parker have appeared together in campaigns for London Fog.

Eva Longoria became a spokesperson for L'Oreal Paris in 2005 and has continued to feature in L'Oreal TV commercials and print ads until the year 2010. Eva Longoria stated that she found a “generous spirit” at L’Oreal. She continues to say “L’Oreal Paris wants beauty to be free, without borders or prejudices….Working together was just meant to be.” Based on her earnings within June 1, 2009 to June 1, 2010 Longoria was ranked No. 4 on Forbes ''Prime Time's 10 Top-Earning Women'' with an estimated $12 million. More recently, she was ranked #14 of ''People'''s Most Beautiful 2011.

After ''Desperate Housewives'' Longoria's first project is an independent drama titled ''Long Time Gone'', in which she will play a mistress. Sarah Siegel-Magness, who produced the award-winning 2009 film ''Precious'', will direct the film. Then, ''In Who Gets the Dog'' Longoria will play a woman named Olive who is at war with her ex over who keeps their beloved poodle. Besides starring in the film, she has also signed on as a producer for the comedy. Longoria will also star alongside Brendan Fraser as his wife in ''Four Kings'', a historical drama set during the French and Indian War, which took place from 1754-1763. The drama, directed by Damian Lee, is about a wealthy British man who hopes to create a utopian society with his wife by backing the war between Great Britain and France. And then there is an animated series by Hulu, titled ''Child Support'', in which Longoria will lend her voice to the lead role. Longoria’s character is Marley Wiener—an irresponsible suburban mother who basically improvises her way through parenting.

Business activities

Eva Longoria opened the restaurant Beso (in Spanish: "Kiss") in Hollywood, along with partner and celebrity chef Todd English, in March 2008. The restaurant is located on Hollywood Boulevard and is accompanied by Kiss, a Victorian-themed nightclub above the restaurant. The Hollywood Beso was scheduled to be the focus of a pilot episode for a tentative reality series called ''Beso: Waiting on Fame'' which would air on VH1 in late 2010.

In 2009, Longoria and various investor-partners opened a Beso restaurant, with a nightclub called Eve above it, in the Crystals retail and entertainment district of CityCenter in Las Vegas.

In 2011, the corporation Beso LLC, owner of the Vegas restaurant-and-nighclub venture, with listed assets of about $2.5 million and Eva Longoria as a 32 percent shareholder, filed for Chapter 11 protection, entering bankruptcy proceedings, in order to restructure nearly $5.7 million in debt and other liabilities. Longoria stated, on the occasion, that she's looking "forward to a more pro-active, hands-on approach in the coming years" with her Las Vegas business interests. On 28 July 2011, the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for Nevada, following a request filed by Beso investor Mali Nachum and her husband Ronen, who have been litigating against Longoria and other Beso investors in multiple courts, ordered Eva Longoria to appear in Las Vegas on the 20th of August in order to be examined about the bankrupt restaurant's finances.

Longoria released the fragrance "EVA by Eva Longoria", a "clean citrus-floral eau de parfum", in April 2010. She stated she wanted a fragrance she could wear: "I am allergic to most fragrances. There was nothing I could wear without my eyes watering, my nose starting to itch or sneezing." In the spring of 2011 she launches her signature fragrance, Eva by Eva Longoria, in major department stores.

Her first book, ''Eva's Kitchen: Cooking with Love for Family and Friends'' hit bookstores on April 12, 2011.

Personal life

Relationships

Longoria was married to ''General Hospital'' star Tyler Christopher from 2002 to 2004. She had a brief relationship in mid 2004 with former 'N Sync star J.C. Chasez.

Longoria met Spurs point guard Tony Parker in November 2004. In August 2005, Longoria confirmed she and Parker were dating, and on November 30, 2006, the couple became engaged. They were married in a civil service on Friday, July 6, 2007, at a Paris city hall. It was followed by a full Roman Catholic wedding ceremony at the Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois Church in Paris on Saturday, July 7, 2007.

Their marriage had its first ordeal when French model Alexandra Paressant claimed to have had an affair with Parker. Both Parker and Longoria vehemently denied these allegations through their spokespeople, saying "All high profile couples fall victim to these sorts of things in the course of their relationships. It appears that this is not the first time this woman has used an athlete to gain public notoriety." Parker initiated a $20 million lawsuit against the website that first reported the story, which later issued a full retraction and an apology, stating "X17online.com and X17, Inc. regret having been misled by Ms. Paressant and her representatives and apologize to Mr. Parker for any damage or inconvenience this may have caused him or his wife."

On November 17, 2010, Longoria filed for divorce from Parker in Los Angeles, citing "irreconcilable differences". In the divorce petition, Longoria, who had taken Parker's last name, requested her maiden name be restored. She also sought spousal support from Parker. The couple had a prenuptial agreement that was signed in June 2007, the month before their wedding, and amended two years later in June 2009. The same day as the divorce filing, Longoria confirmed to her friend Mario Lopez, host of ''Extra'', that she had discovered hundreds of text messages from another woman on her husband's phone. ''Extra'' identified the other woman as Erin Barry, the former wife of Brent Barry, Parker's former teammate, and revealed that the Barrys were also in the process of divorcing. Lopez further stated that Longoria believed Parker had cheated on her earlier in the marriage with another woman, with whom he had kept in touch via Facebook. Lopez said, "Eva wants everyone to know, she's devastated by the rumors of Tony's infidelity. She loved her husband and is heartbroken about their split...But she's strong." In light of the divorce, Longoria cancelled her scheduled appearance at the 2010 American Music Awards. On November 19, 2010, Parker filed for divorce from Longoria in Bexar County, Texas on the grounds of "discord or conflict of personalities", thus establishing a legal battle over where the divorce case would be heard. Unlike Longoria's divorce petition, Parker's did not mention a prenuptial agreement and claimed that the parties would "enter into an agreement for the division of their estate". The divorce was finalized in Texas on January 28, 2011, the same day Longoria's lawyer filed papers to dismiss her Los Angeles petition.

Ancestry

According to research done by Professor Henry Louis Gates, Jr., of Harvard University, in 2010 for the PBS series ''Faces of America'', Longoria's Spanish ancestry can be traced back to her ninth great-grandfather, Lorenzo Suarez de Longoria (b. Oviedo, 1592), who emigrated to the Viceroyalty of New Spain, which became modern-day Mexico, in 1603, and whose family originated from a small village called Llongoria, Belmonte de Miranda, Asturias, Spain. Longoria is the Spanish spelling of the surname. Through the generations, Longoria's ancestors moved north to the modern US-Mexico border. In 1767, her 7th great-grandfather received almost of land along the Rio Grande in a land grant from the King of Spain. This land stayed in the family for over a century, enduring through the influx of Anglo settlers in the aftermath of the Mexican-American War and American Civil War.

Her DNA test results were: 70% European, 27% Asian/Indigenous, and 3% African. Specifically, her indigenous American ancestry is Mayan. After a computer compared the DNA results of Gates’s dozen guests, test showed that she is genetically related to cellist Yo-Yo Ma, who is of Chinese heritage. Gates hopes that stories like Longoria's "will help change our sense of the history of the United States. It wasn't an Anglo-WASP history. It was much more complex than that."

Philanthropy

In 2006, Longoria founded Eva's Heroes, a charity which helps developmentally disabled children. She is the national spokesperson for PADRES Contra El Cancer. She signed shoes for the Spirit of Women Red Shoe Celebrity Auction. Longoria also supports the Clothes Off Our Back Foundation, OmniPeace, the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, the National Stroke Association, Project HOME and St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Longoria is an executive producer of Shine Global Inc.'s documentary The Harvest (documentary) which is focused on the 500,000 child migrant farm workers in the U.S. and promote awareness and support to enact the Children's Act for Responsible Employment (CARE Act).

Longoria was named Philanthropist of the year by the Hollywood Reporter for 'her commitment to Latino causes and giving back to the community. She appeared on Fort Boyard in 2009, making over €20,000 for the Make-A-Wish Foundation.

In 2009, Longoria enrolled in a Master's program in Chicano Studies and Political Science at Cal State University, Northridge. According to Eva, "because of my involvement with the NCLR and my charity work, I really wanted a better, more authentic understanding of what my community has gone through so I can help create change."

In September 2009, Longoria was appointed to a bi-partisan commission issued with the task of determining the feasibility of the creation of a National Museum of the American Latino.

Filmography

+Films
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
2003	''Snitch'd''	Gabby	direct-to-video
2004	''Señorita Justice''	Det. Roselyn Martinez	direct-to-video
2004	''The Dead Will Tell''	Jeanie	Television film
2004	''Carlita's Secret''	Carlita / Lexus	direct-to-video
2005	''Harsh Times''	Sylvia
2006		Jill Marum
2007		Consuela
2008	''Over Her Dead Body''	Katherine "Kate" Spencer
2008	''Lower Learning''	Rebecca Seabrook
2009	''Foodfight''	Lady X	Unreleased
2010	''Days of Grace''	Unknown	Post-production
2010	''Without Men''	Rosalba	Post-production
2011		Tulita	Post production

+Television
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
2000	''Beverly Hills, 90210''	Flight Attendant #3	"I Will Be Your Father Figure" (Season 10, episode 19)
2000	''General Hospital''	Brenda Barrett Lookalike	"Episode dated 25 September 2000" (uncredited)
2001–2003	''The Young and the Restless''	Isabella Braña Williams	"Episode #1.7136" "Episode #1.7142" "Episode #1.7149" "Episode #1.7261"
2003–2004	''Dragnet''	Det. Gloria Duran	"Daddy's Girl" (Season 2, episode 1) "Coyote" (Season 2, episode 2) "17 in 6" (Season 2, episode 3) "The Magic Bullet" (Season 2, episode 4) "Slice of Life" (Season 2, episode 5) "Abduction" (Season 2, episode 6) "Frame of Mind" (Season 2, episode 7) "Retribution" (Season 2, episode 8) "Riddance" (Season 2, episode 9) "Killing Fields" (Season 2, episode 10)
2004–2012	''Desperate Housewives''	Gabrielle Solis	Main role
2006	''George Lopez''	Brooke	"George Vows to Make Some Matri-Money" (Season 5, episode 19)
2008	''Childrens Hospital''	The New Chief	"Episode #1.10" (Season 2, episode 10)

Awards and nominations

{|class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Result ! Award ! Category ! Film or series |- | 2002 | | rowspan=2 |ALMA Awards | Outstanding Actress in a Daytime Drama | ''The Young and the Restless'' |- | 2006 | | Person of the Year | |- | 2007 | | Bambi Award | TV Series International | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- | 2005 | | DVD Exclusive Awards | Best Actress (in a DVD Premiere Movie) | ''Carlita's Secret'' |- | 2006 | | Golden Globe Award | Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series - Musical or Comedy | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- | 2005 | | rowspan=2 | | Best Actress - Television | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- | 2007 | | Best Actress - Television | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- |2007 | | People's Choice Awards | Favorite Female TV Star | Desperate Housewives |- |2005 | | rowspan=5 |Screen Actors Guild Awards | Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series | ''Desperate Housewives'' (Shared with cast) |- | 2006 | | Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series | ''Desperate Housewives'' (Shared with cast) |- | 2007 | | Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series | ''Desperate Housewives'' (Shared with cast) |- |2008 | | Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series | ''Desperate Housewives'' (Shared with cast) |- |2009 | | Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series | ''Desperate Housewives'' (Shared with cast) |- | rowspan=2 | 2005 | | rowspan=5 | Teen Choice Awards | Choice TV Actress: Comedy | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- | | Choice TV Breakout Performance - Female | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- |2006 | | TV - Choice Actress: Comedy | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- |2007 | | TV - Choice Actress: Comedy | ''Desperate Housewives'' |- |2010 | | Choice Female Red Carpet Icon | '' Herself'' |- |}

References

External links

Category:1975 births Category:People from Chino Hills, California Category:Living people Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American soap opera actors Category:American beauty pageant winners Category:Hispanic and Latino American actors Category:American female models Category:American people of Mexican descent Category:American people of Spanish descent Category:American people of Maya descent Category:American Roman Catholics Category:People from Corpus Christi, Texas Category:People from San Antonio, Texas Category:Actors from Texas Category:21st-century actors Category:Texas A&M University–Kingsville alumni Category:Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners

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name	Kyle Richards
birth name	Kyle Egan Richards
birth date	January 11, 1969
birth place	Hollywood, CA
occupation	Actress and Television Personality
yearsactive	1974-present
spouse	Guraish Aldjufrie (1988-1992)Mauricio Umansky (1996 - present)
website	}}

Kyle Egan Richards (born January 11, 1969) is an American actress and television personality. She is known for coming back into television with her sister Kim Richards on Bravo's The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills.

Early life

Richards was born in Hollywood, California, the daughter of Sharon Kathleen (née Dugan; 1933–2002) and Kenneth Edwin Richards (1917–1998). The couple separated in 1972 and Kathleen later remarried twice. Richards' siblings are actresses Kathy Hilton (her older half sister from her mother's first marriage to Lawrence Avanzino; born 1959) and Kim Richards (born 1964). Socialites Nicky and Paris Hilton are her nieces.

Career

Richards began acting in 1975. She appeared in several episodes of the television series ''Little House on the Prairie'' playing Mr. Edward's adopted daughter, Alicia Sanderson Edwards. Her sister Kim, also appeared on the series, playing Laura's friend with a bad limp, Olga.

Throughout the 1970s, Richards appeared in several television series and in horror films: ''The Car'', ''Eaten Alive'', and ''Halloween'' in which she played Lindsey Wallace, one of the two children Laurie Strode babysits. In 1980, she appeared opposite Bette Davis and Lynn-Holly Johnson in the Disney children's horror film, ''The Watcher in the Woods'', playing a terrorized young girl. Most of her 1980s roles were minor, and included made-for-television or video work.

Her recent acting roles include playing the part of Nurse Dori on the hit television series, ''ER'' and playing Lisa, a supporting character in the film ''National Lampoon's Pledge This!'' She has also appeared in episodes of her niece Paris Hilton's reality series ''The Simple Life'' and ''My New BFF''.

Kyle appeared in the Bravo reality series ''The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills'', which aired from October 2010 through February 2011. It has been made official that she and her sister Kim Richards are returning for a second season with the rest of the cast.

Personal life

Richards has been married twice and has four daughers ranging in age from three to twenty-three.

Richards' second husband is Mauricio Umansky, a native of Mexico; the couple have three daughters: Alexia (born 1996), Sophia (born 1999), and Portia (born 2008). Richards has another daughter, Farrah (born 1988), from a previous marriage with Guraish Aldjufrie when she was only eighteen. Richards, who is of Irish and Welsh descent, converted to Judaism when she married Umansky.

Filmography

''Halloween (1978 film) ''The Watcher in the Woods'' ''Halloween II'' ''Curfew'' ''Escape (1990 film) ''Pledge This!'' Real Housewives of Beverly HillsDeadly Sibling Rivalry

Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
rowspan="2"	1977	''The Car''	Debbie
''Eaten Alive''	Angie
1978 in film	1978	Halloween'' ||	Lindsey Wallace
1980 in film	1980	|	Ellie Curtis
1981 in film	1981	|	Lindsey Wallace	Archival footage
1989 in film	1989	|	Stephanie Davenport
1990 in film	1990	Escape'' ||	Lydia
2006 in film	2006	|	Lisa
2010	|	Herself
2011	|	Tricia

Television appearances

''ER'' (1998–2006)- Nurse Dori (21 episodes)

''7th Heaven'' (2003)- Matt's Patient (1 episode)

''Beverly Hills, 90210'' (1999)- Anna Murphy (1 episode)

''Love Boat: The Next Wave'' (1998)- Scheming Women (1 episode)

''Nick Freno: Licensed Teacher'' (1998)- Unknown (1 episode)

''Down to Earth'' (1984–1985) - Elizabeth "Lissy" Preston (12 episodes)

''CHiPS'' (1982)- Jodi (1 episode)

''Little House on the Prairie'' (1975–1982) - Alicia Sanderson Edwards (recurring) (19 episodes)

''Concrete Cowboys'' (1981) - Isobel (1 episode)

''Carter Country'' (1979)- Gerry (4 episodes)

''Fantasy Island - "Cornelius and Alfonse" and "The Choice" - Season 2 Episode 23 - 1979'' (1979) - The little girl Rebecca (1 episode)

''Vega$'' (1979)- Julie Travis (1 episode)

''Flying High'' (1978)- Katie (1 episode)

''Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color'' (1978)- Naomi (1 episode)

''Police Woman'' (1974)- Julie (1 episode)

References

External links

Kyle Richards Online

Kyle Richards finalist in Real Housewives of Beverly Hills

Category:1969 births Category:Actors from California Category:American child actors Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:Living people Category:Participants in American reality television series Category:People from Hollywood

it:Kyle Richards nl:Kyle Richards