A globe is a three-dimensional scale model of Earth (terrestrial globe) or other spheroid celestial body such as a planet, star, or moon. It may also refer to a spherical representation of the celestial sphere, showing the apparent positions of the stars and constellations in the sky (celestial globe). The word "globe" comes from the Latin word ''globus'', meaning round mass or sphere.

Terrestrial and planetary

A globe is the only representation of the earth that does not distort either the shape or the size of large features; flat maps are created using a map projection that inevitably introduces an increasing amount of distortion the larger the area that the map shows. A typical scale for a terrestrial globe is roughly 1:40 million.

Sometimes a globe has surface texture showing topography; in these, elevations are exaggerated, otherwise they would be hardly visible. Most modern globes are also imprinted with parallels and meridians so that one can tell the approximate coordinates of a specific place. Globes provide the best view of Earth today.

Celestial

Celestial globes show the apparent positions of the stars in the sky. They omit the Sun, Moon and planets because the positions of these bodies vary relative to those of the stars, but the ecliptic, along which the Sun moves, is indicated.

A potential issue arises regarding the "handedness" of celestial globes. If the globe is constructed so that the stars are in the positions they actually occupy on the imaginary celestial sphere, then the star field will appear back-to-front on the surface of the globe (all the constellations will appear as their mirror images). This is because the view from Earth, positioned at the centre of the celestial sphere, is of the ''inside'' of the celestial sphere, whereas the celestial globe is viewed from the ''outside''. For this reason, celestial globes may be produced in mirror image, so that at least the constellations appear the "right way round". Some modern celestial globes address this problem by making the surface of the globe transparent. The stars can then be placed in their proper positions and viewed ''through'' the globe, so that the view is of the inside of the celestial sphere, as it is from Earth.

History

The sphericity of the Earth was established by Hellenistic astronomy in the 3rd century BC, and the earliest terrestrial globe appeared from that period. The earliest known example is the one constructed by Crates of Mallus in Cilicia (now Çukurova in modern-day Turkey), in the mid-2nd century BC.

No terrestrial globes from Antiquity or the Middle Ages have survived. An example of a surviving celestial globe is part of a Hellenistic sculpture, called the Farnese Atlas, surviving in a 2nd century AD Roman copy in the Naples Museum, Italy.

Early terrestrial globes depicting the entirety of the Old World were constructed in the Islamic Golden Age. One such example was constructed in the 9th century by Muslim geographers and cartographers working under the Abbasid caliph, Al-Ma'mun. Another example was the terrestrial globe introduced to Beijing by the Persian astronomer, Jamal ad-Din, in 1267.

The oldest surviving terrestrial globe is credited to Martin Behaim in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1492. A facsimile globe showing America was made by Martin Waldseemueller in 1507. Another early globe, the Hunt-Lenox Globe, ca. 1507, is thought to be the source of the phrase "Here be dragons". Another "remarkably modern-looking" terrestrial globe of the Earth was constructed by Taqi al-Din at the Istanbul observatory of Taqi al-Din during the 1570s.

An unusually high proportion of vintage 20th century world globes feature the Australian town of Birdum, which no longer exists but once held an important position at the end of the Northern Australian Railway.

Manufacture

Mass-produced globes are typically covered by a printed paper map. The most common type has long, thin gores (strips) of paper that narrow to a point at the North Pole and the South Pole. Then a small disk is used to paper over the inevitable irregularities at the poles. The more gores there are, the less stretching and crumpling is required to make the paper map fit the sphere. From a geometric point of view, all points on a sphere are equivalent – one could select any arbitrary point on the Earth, and create a paper map that covers the Earth with strips that come together at that point and the antipodal point.

A globe is usually mounted at a 23.5° angle on bearings. In addition to making it easy to use this mounting also represents the angle of the planet in relation to its sun and the spin of the planet. This makes it easy to visualize how days and seasons change.

Notable examples

The Unisphere in Queens, New York, at 120 feet (36.6 m) in diameter, is the world's largest global structure.

Eartha, currently the world's largest rotating globe ( in diameter), at the Delorme headquarters in Yarmouth, Maine The Mapparium, three-story, stained glass globe at the Mary Baker Eddy Library in Boston, which visitors walk through via a glass bridge. The Babson globe in Wellesley, Massachusetts, a globe which originally rotated on its axis and on its base to simulate day and night and the seasons

The giant globe in the lobby of The News Building in New York City.

The Hitler Globe, also known as the Führer globe, was formally named the Columbus Globe for State and Industry Leaders. Two editions existed during Hitler's lifetime, created during the mid-1930s on his orders. (The second edition changed the name of Abyssinia to Italian East Africa). These globes were "enormous" and very costly. According to the New York Times, "the real Columbus globe was nearly the size of a Volkswagen and, at the time, more expensive." Several still exist, including three in Berlin: one at a geographical institute, one at the Märkisches Museum, and another at the Deutsches Historisches Museum. The latter has a Soviet bullet hole through Germany. One of the two in public collections in Munich has an American bullet hole through Germany. There are several in private hands inside and out of Germany. A much smaller version of Hitler's globe was mocked by Charlie Chaplin in ''The Great Dictator'', a film released in 1940.

Gallery

See also

Armillary sphere

Cartography

Dymaxion map

Emery Molyneux

Google Earth

NASA World Wind

Johannes Schöner globe

Virtual globe

References

External links

ppmglobe - generate strips to glue onto a sphere

3D VRML globe

3D Java Globe with coastlines, parallels, meridians, etc.

Category:Map types

az:Qlobus bs:Globus bg:Глобус ca:Globus terraqüi cs:Glóbus da:Globus de:Globus et:Gloobus es:Globo terráqueo eo:Globuso fr:Globe planétaire ga:Cruinneog gl:Globo terráqueo ko:지구본 hy:Գլոբուս hr:Globus (svijet) id:Globe io:Globo it:Globo he:גלובוס ka:გლობუსი lv:Globuss lt:Gaublys ms:Glob nl:Globe ja:地球儀 no:Globus pl:Globus pt:Globo terrestre ru:Глобус scn:Crobbu simple:Globe sk:Glóbus sl:Globus sr:Глобус fi:Karttapallo sv:Jordglob tl:Globo tg:Глобус uk:Глобус zh:地球儀

birth name	Teri Lynn Hatcher
birth date	December 08, 1964
birth place
occupation	Actress, presenter, writer
years active	1985–present
spouse	Marcus Leithold (1988–1989)Jon Tenney (1994–2003) }}

Teri Lynn Hatcher (born , 1964) is an American actress. She is known for her television roles as Susan Mayer on the ABC comedy-drama series ''Desperate Housewives'', and Lois Lane on the ABC comedy-drama series ''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman''. In 2005 her ''Desperate Housewives'' work won her the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and the Screen Actor's Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actress in a Comedy Series.

Early life

Hatcher was born in Palo Alto, California, the daughter of Esther (née Beshur), a computer programmer who worked for Lockheed Martin, and Owen W. Hatcher, a nuclear physicist and electrical engineer. Hatcher's father is of Welsh and Choctaw Native American descent, and her mother is of half Syrian and half French/German descent. Teri Hatcher took ballet lessons at the San Juan School of Dance in Los Altos. Her big debut was as the lead flying monkey in the "Wiz Of Oz." Hatcher grew up in Sunnyvale, California. and attended Mango Junior High (now Sunnyvale Middle School), Fremont High School in Sunnyvale and De Anza College in Cupertino. As an undergraduate she studied mathematics and engineering.

In March 2006 Hatcher revealed to ''Vanity Fair'' that she was sexually abused from the age of five by Richard Hayes Stone, an uncle by marriage who was later divorced by Hatcher's aunt. She said her parents were unaware of the abuse at the time. In 2002 she assisted Santa Clara County prosecutors with their indictment of Stone for a more recent molestation that led his female victim to commit suicide at the age of 14. Stone plead guilty to four counts of child molestation and was sentenced to 14 years in prison. In an interview appearing in ''Vanity Fair'', Hatcher said she told the prosecutors about her own abuse because she was haunted by thoughts of the 14-year-old girl who shot herself, and feared Stone might escape conviction. Stone died of colon cancer on August 19, 2008, having served six years of his sentence.

Career

Hatcher studied acting at the American Conservatory Theater. One of her early jobs (in 1984) was as an NFL cheerleader with the San Francisco 49ers. From September 1985 to May 1986 she joined the cast of the TV series ''The Love Boat'', playing the role of "Amy", one of the "Mermaid" showgirls. From 1986 to 1989, she appeared in the recurring role of "Penny Parker" opposite Richard Dean Anderson's eponymous hero on the TV series ''MacGyver''. In 1988, she made a guest appearance in ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'' as Lt. Robinson. In 1989 she guest-starred in an episode of ''Quantum Leap'' titled "Star Crossed". Hatcher landed a starring role of ''Daily Planet'' reporter Lois Lane (opposite Dean Cain) in ''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman'' from 1993 to 1997. At the height of the show's popularity in 1995, a picture of Hatcher wrapped in a Superman cape was reportedly the most downloaded image on the Internet averaging 20,000 downloads each month for a six-month period. "It's a great shot," she told ''Entertainment Weekly''. "Not so much because it's me. It's just cool looking."

In "Lois and Clark: The New Adventures of Superman," the cast was worried that she would be taller than Superman in heels as she was 5'8" and Dean Cain was 6". Hatcher beat out Monica Bellucci for the role of Paris Carver in the 1997 James Bond film ''Tomorrow Never Dies''. Hatcher was three months pregnant at the filming's start, by her then husband, Jon Tenney. An ABC publicist said the pregnancy did not affect the production schedule. Hatcher later regretted playing Paris Carver, saying, "It's such an artificial kind of character to be playing that you don't get any special satisfaction from it." She was voted the world's sexiest woman by readers of popular men's magazine FHM in the same year. Hatcher also appeared in films such as ''Spy Kids'' (2001), ''Dead in the Water'' (1991), ''2 Days in the Valley'' (1996) and ''The Cool Surface'' (1994). She co-starred with Alec Baldwin in ''Heaven's Prisoners'' (1996), which failed at the box office. ABC cancelled ''Lois & Clark'' in 1997.

Hatcher made a much-discussed guest appearance on a 1993 episode of ''Seinfeld'', in which her character, Sidra, breaks up with Jerry because she believes that Jerry was trying to have Elaine surreptitiously determine whether Sidra had breast implants. ("They're real... and they're spectacular.") She returned to play Sidra in two subsequent episodes.

Hatcher appeared in a series of Radio Shack television commercials alongside NFL player Howie Long. They remain close friends and together have bought farm land on the outskirts of Los Angeles, with the intent of eventually raising endangered species.

Hatcher hosted NBC's ''Saturday Night Live'' in 1996. She beat out four other actresses for one of the lead roles on ABC's ''Desperate Housewives'', on which she stars as Susan Mayer, a role for which she won the Best Actress in a Musical or Comedy Golden Globe Award in January 2005. In 2005, Hatcher won the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) award in the same category. In July 2005, she was nominated for an Emmy award as Best Actress in a Comedy Series for the role, along with costars Marcia Cross and Felicity Huffman.

As of April 2006 Hatcher is one of the highest paid television actresses in the United States. She reportedly earns $285,000 per episode of ''Desperate Housewives''. In May 2006, she released her first book, ''Burnt Toast: And Other Philosophies of Life''.

Hatcher performs The Beatles song "Good Night" on the 2006 charity album ''Unexpected Dreams – Songs From the Stars''.

On April 9, 2008, Hatcher appeared on ''Idol Gives Back'', singing Carrie Underwood's "Before He Cheats".

In 2010 Hatcher made a return to the Superman franchise, with a special guest role in the final season of ''Smallville'' as Lois Lane's mother, Ella Lane. The episode continued a tradition of former Lois Lane actresses portraying the character's mother many years later. Noel Neill appeared as Lois' mother in the 1978 film ''Superman: The Movie'', and Phyllis Coates made a similar appearance on ''Lois & Clark''.

A report in November 2010 suggested that Hatcher, along with co-star Felicity Huffman, would be quitting ''Desperate Housewives'', but ABC denied the claim. Hatcher later addressed the rumors of her departure from ''Desperate Housewives'' saying, "There are not enough adjectives to describe how stupid, off base, and ridiculously untrue this is."

Personal life

Hatcher married Marcus Leithold on June 4, 1988; they divorced the following year. On May 27, 1994, she married actor Jon Tenney; they had a daughter, Emerson Rose, on November 10, 1997, and divorced in March 2003. Hatcher dated Stephen Kay, who played Reginald, the Quartermaines' butler, on ''General Hospital''.

In June 2007, Hatcher appeared on UK chat show ''The Paul O'Grady Show'', where she revealed she writes a column in ''Glamour''.

In February 2008, Hydroderm sued Hatcher for breach of contract, claiming she had promoted the beauty products of other companies. She insisted her promotion of CityLips' lip plumper did not affect the Hydroderm deal. Her attorney Alan Wertheimer called the lawsuit an "unjustified and public assault" on her "good name, reputation and celebrity." Her lawyer persuaded a judge in Los Angeles to move the case to arbitration.

On September 13, 2009, she finished the Malibu Triathlon ( ocean swim, out-and-back bike course, and out-and-back run course) in 2h 6mn 50.7s. She returned to the event in 2010 to complete only the swim portion. Hatcher had been unable to train for the entire event, but completed the swim as a fundraiser.

Hatcher took to the social networking site Facebook on August 11, 2010 to prove that she had not had Botox work done to her face. She was make-up free and sopping wet in the pictures. However, just a few days later, she told Entertainment Tonight that she had Botox done in the past and only took the pictures to prove that she was "normal" looking. She also said she would consider getting Botox again.

Filmography

+List of acting credits in film and television
Title	Year	Role	Notes
''''		Amy, ''Love Boat'' Mermaid	TV series
''MacGyver''		Penny Parker	TV series, seven episodes
! scope="row"		Angelica Stimac Clegg	TV series
''Karen's Song''		Laura Matthews	TV series
''Night Court''		Kitty	TV series, episode: "Who Was That Mashed Man?"
''CBS Summer Playhouse''		Lauri Stevens	TV series, episode: "Baby on Board"
''Star Trek: The Next Generation''		Lt. Bronwyn Gail Robinson
''''		Gretchen
''L.A. Law''		Tracy Shoe	TV series, episode: "I'm in the Nude for Love"
! scope="row"		Donna Eleese	TV series, episode: "Star-Crossed"
''Tango & Cash''		Katherine 'Kiki' Tango
''Murphy Brown''		Madeline Stillwell	TV series, episode: "Fax or Fiction"
! scope="row"		Stacy	TV series, episode: "The Thing from the Grave"
''''		Teresa Gennaro	TV movie
''Soapdish''		Ariel Maloney
! scope="row"		TT Fagori	TV series
! scope="row"		Laura Stewart	TV movie
''''		Marissa	TV series, episode "Eclipse"
''Straight Talk''		Janice
''Brain Smasher... A Love Story''		Samantha Crain	straight-to-video
''Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman''		Lois Lane	TV series, 87 episodes
''Seinfeld''		Sidra Holland	TV series, episodes: "The Implant" and "The Pilot"
''''		Dani Payson
''All Tied Up''		Linda Alissio
''Dead Girl''		Passer-by
''Heaven's Prisoners''		Claudette Rocque
''2 Days in the Valley''		Becky Foxx
''Tomorrow Never Dies''		Paris Carver
! scope="row"		Maria Goldstein	TV movie
''Frasier''		Marie	TV series, episode "First Do No Harm"
''Seinfeld''		Sidra Holland	TV series, episode: "The Finale:Part 2"
! scope="row"		Charlotte Parker
! scope="row"		Shawna Morgan	TV movie
! scope="row"			TV movie
''Spy Kids''		Ms. Gradenko
! scope="row"		Jane Doe	TV movie
''''		Megan Marguilas
! scope="row"		Jordan Ripps	TV movie
''Desperate Housewives''		Susan Mayer	TV series
''Two and a Half Men''		Liz	TV series, episode "I Remember the Coatroom, I Just Don't Remember You."
''Resurrecting the Champ''		Andrea Flak
! scope="row"		Coraline's Mother/The Other Mother	voice only
''Smallville''		Ella Lane	TV episode: "Abandoned"

Awards and nominations

+List of acting awards and nominations
! Award	! Year	! Category	! Result	! For
Golden Apple Award		Female Discovery of the Year
Saturn Award				''Tomorrow Never Dies''
Satellite Award				''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award				''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
Screen Actors Guild Award				''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
! scope="row"				''Desperate Housewives''
Golden Globe Award				''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
TCA Award				''Desperate Housewives''
Golden Globe Award		Best Actress in a Television Series, Musical or Comedy		''Desperate Housewives''
People's Choice Award		Favorite Female Television Star
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
Teen Choice Award		TV–Choice Actress		''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)
Prism Award		Performance in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives''
Screen Actors Guild Award		Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series		''Desperate Housewives'' (shared with cast)

References

External links

Category:1964 births Category:Living people Category:Actors from California Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American people of Choctaw descent Category:Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:De Anza College alumni Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of French descent Category:National Football League cheerleaders Category:People from the San Francisco Bay Area Category:American people of Syrian descent Category:American people of Welsh descent

af:Teri Hatcher ar:تيري هاتشر az:Teri Hatçer bg:Тери Хачър cs:Teri Hatcher cy:Teri Hatcher da:Teri Hatcher de:Teri Hatcher et:Teri Hatcher es:Teri Hatcher fr:Teri Hatcher fy:Teri Hatcher gv:Teri Hatcher hr:Teri Hatcher id:Teri Hatcher is:Teri Hatcher it:Teri Hatcher he:טרי האטצ'ר lt:Teri Hatcher hu:Teri Hatcher mk:Тери Хачер ms:Teri Hatcher nl:Teri Hatcher ja:テリー・ハッチャー no:Teri Hatcher nn:Teri Hatcher pl:Teri Hatcher pt:Teri Hatcher ro:Teri Hatcher ru:Хэтчер, Тери simple:Teri Hatcher sr:Тери Хачер fi:Teri Hatcher sv:Teri Hatcher tl:Teri Hatcher tr:Teri Hatcher uk:Тері Хетчер vi:Teri Hatcher zh:泰瑞·海契

birth date	November 13, 1953
birth place	Monroe, Georgia, U.S.
occupation	Actress
yearsactive	1978–present
spouse	Jan Munroe (1992-present)
website	}}

Frances Conroy (born November 13, 1953) is an American actress. She is most widely known for playing the matriarch Ruth O'Connor Fisher Sibley on the HBO funeral drama series ''Six Feet Under'', which earned her a Golden Globe in 2004.

Early life

Conroy was born in Monroe, Georgia to a business executive father and a mother who also worked in business. She studied drama at the Neighborhood Playhouse and the Juilliard School in New York City. She was a student at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania during the school year 1971-1972 where she was a member of the Mermaid Players and appeared in college theatrical productions.

Career

During the 1970s, she performed regularly with regional and touring theatrical companies (most notably The Acting Company), and appeared as Desdemona at the Delacorte Theatre in a production of ''Othello'' with Richard Dreyfuss and Raul Julia. One of her first film appearances was as a Shakespearean actress in Woody Allen's 1979 classic, ''Manhattan''. In 1980, she made a very well-received Broadway debut in Edward Albee's ''The Lady From Dubuque''. She focused primarily on her stage career for the next two decades, appearing in such productions as ''Our Town'', ''The Little Foxes'', and ''The Ride Down Mt. Morgan'', receiving one Tony and four Drama Desk Award nominations (including a Drama Desk win for ''The Secret Rapture''). Conroy had a small role in the 1984 movie ''Falling in Love'', as a waitress in a swanky restaurant.

In 1992, Conroy became friends with playwright Arthur Miller, which led to her involvement in many of his productions on both stage and screen. During this period, she also appeared on television shows, miniseries, and made-for-TV movies, and met and married fellow actor Jan Munroe.

In 2008, she landed a guest role in ABC's ''Desperate Housewives'' as Virginia Hildebrand, a rich woman who tries to buy the Solis family's love. But Eva Longoria's character, Gabrielle Solis, declines Virginia's motives, despite being open to receiving her entire fortune.

In 2010, Conroy played Madylyn, the wife of Robert De Niro's character Jack Mabrey, in the John Curran thriller ''Stone''.

Conroy is best known for her critically acclaimed work on HBO's original drama series ''Six Feet Under'' playing family matriarch Ruth Fisher. For her work on the series, Conroy was nominated for four Emmy Awards (one for every year she was eligible) and won a Golden Globe and three Screen Actors Guild Awards.

Conroy's new show American Horror Story where she plays Housekeeper, it is set the premire October 5, 2011.

Filmography

''Falling in Love'' (1984)

''Dirty Rotten Scoundrels'' (1988)

''Another Woman'' (1988)

''Crimes and Misdemeanors'' (1989)

''Billy Bathgate'' (1991)

''Scent of a Woman'' (1992)

''Sleepless in Seattle'' (1993)

''The Adventures of Huck Finn'' (1993)

''Developing'' (1995)

''The Neon Bible'' (1995)

''The Crucible'' (1996)

''Six Feet Under'' (2001–2005)

''Maid in Manhattan'' (2002)

''Die Mommie Die!'' (2003)

''Catwoman'' (2004)

''The Aviator'' (2004)

''Shopgirl'' (2005)

''Broken Flowers'' (2005)

''Ira and Abby'' (2006)

''The Wicker Man'' (2006)

''The Seeker: The Dark is Rising'' (2007)

''Humboldt County'' (2008)

''The Tale of Despereaux'' (2008)

''Desperate Housewives'' (2008)

''Last Chance Harvey'' (2008)

''How I Met Your Mother'' (2009 and 2010)

''Love Happens'' (2009)

''Waking Madison'' (2009)

''New in Town'' (2009)

''Stay Cool'' (2009)

''Shelter'' (2009)

''Nip/Tuck'' (2010)

''Happy Town'' (2010)

''Stone'' (2010)

''Grey's Anatomy'' (2010)

''United States of Tara'' (2011)

''American Horror Story'' (2011)

''Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz'' (2011) - Aunt Em and Glinda (voice)

References

External links

Category:1953 births Category:American film actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:Actors from Georgia (U.S. state) Category:Juilliard School alumni Category:Living people Category:Ward Melville High School alumni Category:People from Walton County, Georgia Category:Drama Desk Award winners Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners

de:Frances Conroy es:Frances Conroy fr:Frances Conroy ko:프랜시스 콘로이 it:Frances Conroy he:פרנסס קונרוי ka:ფრენსის კონროი nl:Frances Conroy ja:フランセス・コンロイ pl:Frances Conroy pt:Frances Conroy ru:Конрой, Фрэнсис sh:Frances Conroy fi:Frances Conroy sv:Frances Conroy

name	Kyle Richards
birth name	Kyle Egan Richards
birth date	January 11, 1969
birth place	Hollywood, CA
occupation	Actress and Television Personality
yearsactive	1974-present
spouse	Guraish Aldjufrie (1988-1992)Mauricio Umansky (1996 - present)
website	}}

Kyle Egan Richards (born January 11, 1969) is an American actress and television personality. She is known for coming back into television with her sister Kim Richards on Bravo's The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills.

Early life

Richards was born in Hollywood, California, the daughter of Sharon Kathleen (née Dugan; 1933–2002) and Kenneth Edwin Richards (1917–1998). The couple separated in 1972 and Kathleen later remarried twice. Richards' siblings are actresses Kathy Hilton (her older half sister from her mother's first marriage to Lawrence Avanzino; born 1959) and Kim Richards (born 1964). Socialites Nicky and Paris Hilton are her nieces.

Career

Richards began acting in 1975. She appeared in several episodes of the television series ''Little House on the Prairie'' playing Mr. Edward's adopted daughter, Alicia Sanderson Edwards. Her sister Kim, also appeared on the series, playing Laura's friend with a bad limp, Olga.

Throughout the 1970s, Richards appeared in several television series and in horror films: ''The Car'', ''Eaten Alive'', and ''Halloween'' in which she played Lindsey Wallace, one of the two children Laurie Strode babysits. In 1980, she appeared opposite Bette Davis and Lynn-Holly Johnson in the Disney children's horror film, ''The Watcher in the Woods'', playing a terrorized young girl. Most of her 1980s roles were minor, and included made-for-television or video work.

Her recent acting roles include playing the part of Nurse Dori on the hit television series, ''ER'' and playing Lisa, a supporting character in the film ''National Lampoon's Pledge This!'' She has also appeared in episodes of her niece Paris Hilton's reality series ''The Simple Life'' and ''My New BFF''.

Kyle appeared in the Bravo reality series ''The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills'', which aired from October 2010 through February 2011. It has been made official that she and her sister Kim Richards are returning for a second season with the rest of the cast.

Personal life

Richards has been married twice and has four daughers ranging in age from three to twenty-three.

Richards' second husband is Mauricio Umansky, a native of Mexico; the couple have three daughters: Alexia (born 1996), Sophia (born 1999), and Portia (born 2008). Richards has another daughter, Farrah (born 1988), from a previous marriage with Guraish Aldjufrie when she was only eighteen. Richards, who is of Irish and Welsh descent, converted to Judaism when she married Umansky.

Filmography

''Halloween (1978 film) ''The Watcher in the Woods'' ''Halloween II'' ''Curfew'' ''Escape (1990 film) ''Pledge This!'' Real Housewives of Beverly HillsDeadly Sibling Rivalry

Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
rowspan="2"	1977	''The Car''	Debbie
''Eaten Alive''	Angie
1978 in film	1978	Halloween'' ||	Lindsey Wallace
1980 in film	1980	|	Ellie Curtis
1981 in film	1981	|	Lindsey Wallace	Archival footage
1989 in film	1989	|	Stephanie Davenport
1990 in film	1990	Escape'' ||	Lydia
2006 in film	2006	|	Lisa
2010	|	Herself
2011	|	Tricia

Television appearances

''ER'' (1998–2006)- Nurse Dori (21 episodes)

''7th Heaven'' (2003)- Matt's Patient (1 episode)

''Beverly Hills, 90210'' (1999)- Anna Murphy (1 episode)

''Love Boat: The Next Wave'' (1998)- Scheming Women (1 episode)

''Nick Freno: Licensed Teacher'' (1998)- Unknown (1 episode)

''Down to Earth'' (1984–1985) - Elizabeth "Lissy" Preston (12 episodes)

''CHiPS'' (1982)- Jodi (1 episode)

''Little House on the Prairie'' (1975–1982) - Alicia Sanderson Edwards (recurring) (19 episodes)

''Concrete Cowboys'' (1981) - Isobel (1 episode)

''Carter Country'' (1979)- Gerry (4 episodes)

''Fantasy Island - "Cornelius and Alfonse" and "The Choice" - Season 2 Episode 23 - 1979'' (1979) - The little girl Rebecca (1 episode)

''Vega$'' (1979)- Julie Travis (1 episode)

''Flying High'' (1978)- Katie (1 episode)

''Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color'' (1978)- Naomi (1 episode)

''Police Woman'' (1974)- Julie (1 episode)

References

External links

Kyle Richards Online

Kyle Richards finalist in Real Housewives of Beverly Hills

Category:1969 births Category:Actors from California Category:American child actors Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:Living people Category:Participants in American reality television series Category:People from Hollywood

it:Kyle Richards nl:Kyle Richards

{{infobox person | name

Paris Hilton | image ParisHiltonFeb2011.jpg | image_size 200px | caption | birth_name Paris Whitney Hilton | birth_date February 17, 1981 | birth_place New York City, New York, U.S. | occupation businesswoman, Socialite, model, fashion designer | years_active 1993, 2000–present | religion Roman Catholic | website Official site | hair Blonde | eyes blue contact lenses, naturally brown | height | weight | parents Richard Howard HiltonKathy Hilton | siblings Nicky Hilton, Barron Hilton, and Conrad }}

Paris Whitney Hilton (born February 17, 1981) is an American businesswoman, heiress, socialite, and media personality. She is a great-granddaughter of Conrad Hilton (founder of Hilton Hotels). Hilton is known for her controversial participation in a sex tape in 2003, and appearance on the television series ''The Simple Life'' alongside fellow socialite and childhood best friend Nicole Richie. She is also known for her 2004 tongue-in-cheek autobiography, several minor film roles (most notably her role in the horror film ''House of Wax'' in 2005), her 2006 music album ''Paris'', and her work in modeling.

In recent years Hilton is perhaps most known for starring in a number of her own produced reality shows such as Paris Hilton's My New BFF which was filmed in Los Angeles and aired in 2008 and which also resulted in a second season. The show proved to be a success and was branched out to Paris Hilton's British Best Friend filmed in London, UK and Paris Hilton’s Dubai BFF filmed in Dubai in the UAE. All seasons were broadcasted on MTV. In 2011, Oxygen Channel gave the go-ahead to air Hilton's reality series The World According to Paris following Hilton's everyday life.

As a result of several legal incidents, Hilton served a widely publicized sentence in a Los Angeles County jail in 2007. She is an example of the modern phenomenon of the 'celebutante', the celebrity who rises to fame not because of their talent or work but because of their inherited wealth and controversial lifestyle. Despite the controversies, Hilton's various product lines have been successful with stores in 31 countries. In 2011, Hilton was named "Billion Dollar Entrepreneur" by Variety magazine and was featured on the cover.

Early life

Hilton was born in New York City, New York, to Kathy (née Avanzino), a socialite and actress, and Richard Hilton, a businessman. She was raised Roman Catholic and still attends church. She is the oldest of four children: she has one sister, Nicholai Olivia "Nicky" Hilton (b. 1983) and two brothers, Barron Nicholas Hilton II (b. 1989) and Conrad Hughes Hilton III (b. 1994). Hilton is of Norwegian, German, English, Scottish, Irish, and Italian ancestry. She is a niece of two child stars of the 1970s, Kim and Kyle Richards.

Hilton moved between numerous exclusive homes in her youth, including a suite in the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in Manhattan, Beverly Hills, and the Hamptons. As a child she was good friends with other socialites, including Nicole Richie and Kim Kardashian.

Education

Paris Hilton attended her freshman year of high school at the Marywood-Palm Valley School in Rancho Mirage, California from 1995-1996. Then in 1996, when Paris was 14, her family moved to the East Coast. In New York, she briefly attended Convent of the Sacred Heart (while Lady Gaga was a student there) in 1996 before transferring again to the Dwight School. Hilton then spent one year (likely beginning in the fall of 1997, when she was 16), at least part of which was in the spring of 1998, when she was 17, at the Provo Canyon School, a school for emotionally troubled teens. She then attended the Canterbury Boarding School, in New Milford, Connecticut from the fall of 1998 to February 1999 for her junior year, where she was a member of the ice hockey team. In February 1999, the month she turned 18, she was expelled from Canterbury for violating school rules, as she frequently had limos retrieve her from the school to take her to events in New York and New Jersey. After being expelled from Canterbury, she returned to the Dwight School before dropping out a few months later as a high school junior. She later earned her GED.

Career

2001–present: Modeling

Hilton began modeling as a child, initially at charity events. When she was 19, she signed with Donald Trump's modeling agency, T Management. Hilton has also worked with Ford Models in New York, Models 1 Agency in London, Nous Model Management in Los Angeles, and Premier Model Management in London. She has appeared in numerous advertising campaigns, including Iceberg Vodka, GUESS, Tommy Hilfiger, Christian Dior, and Marciano. In 2001, Hilton began to develop a reputation as a socialite, being identified as "New York's leading It Girl" whose fame was beginning to "extend beyond the New York tabloids". She has appeared in several magazines, including the April 2004 issue of ''Maxim''. She also made an uncredited appearance in the Brüno segment in the "Law and Order" episode of the HBO series of ''Da Ali G Show''.

2003–present: Acting

Hilton has made cameo appearances in several films, notably ''Zoolander'', ''Wonderland'', and ''The Cat In The Hat''. She co-starred with socialite counterpart Nicole Richie in the Fox reality series ''The Simple Life'', which premiered on December 2, 2003. ''The Simple Life'' ran for three seasons on Fox. The show was cancelled by Fox after a dispute between Hilton and Richie, but it was subsequently aired by E! Entertainment Television for the fourth and fifth seasons. Despite talks of a sixth season, the series finished its run at the end of the fifth season. Hilton next starred in an MTV reality series titled ''Paris Hilton's My New BFF'', about her search for a new best friend. The series premiered on September 30, 2008.

On October 1, 2010 the Oxygen Channel gave the go-ahead to a new reality show called "The World According to Paris". The show follows Hilton in her everyday life, and premiered in June 2011.

She landed minor and supporting roles in the feature films ''Nine Lives'', ''Raising Helen'', ''The Hillz'', and ''House of Wax''. Her role as Paige Edwards in ''House of Wax'' won the Teen Choice Award for "Best Scream" and earned her a nomination for "Choice Breakout Performance  – Female". (It also won her the 2005 Razzie for "Worst Supporting Actress" at the 2005 Golden Raspberry Awards.) She also earned a nomination for "Best Frightened Performance" at the 2006 MTV Movie Awards. She landed her first lead roles in 2006 with the straight-to-DVD releases ''National Lampoon's Pledge This!'' and ''Bottoms Up''. She plays the Hottie in the box office bomb romantic comedy ''The Hottie and the Nottie'', released in 2008. She also had a minor cameo appearance as herself in ''An American Carol''.

More recently, Hilton plays Amber Sweet, the surgery- and painkiller-addicted daughter of a biotech magnate in the goth/rock musical ''Repo! The Genetic Opera''. Critics have responded positively to her performance in the film, in which she sings and acts. In an interview ''Repo!'' director Darren Lynn Bousman revealed that he had originally refused to audition Hilton for the role of Amber Sweet. "I broke down," says Bousman, "and I met with her, and immediately she charmed everyone in the room." In the same interview, Bousman also revealed that Hilton was so keen to get the part that she had the script smuggled in to her during her much publicized stint in a Los Angeles jail, and used her time inside to work on her role.

Hilton has also guest-starred in episodes of the popular TV-show ''The O.C.'', ''The George Lopez Show'', ''Las Vegas'', ''American Dreams'', ''Dogg After Dark'', and ''Veronica Mars''. Furthermore, she appeared in several music videos, including "It Girl" by John Oates and "Just Lose It" by Eminem. Planning is underway for an eponymous cartoon series following the animated life of Hilton, her sister Nicky, and her dog Tinkerbell, which began filming in September 2007. In April 2008, she guest starred on the ''My Name is Earl'' episode "I Won't Die with a Little Help from My Friends". On January 29, 2009, ''Paris Hilton's British Best Friend'', began airing on ITV2 in England. The second season of ''Paris Hilton's My New BFF'' premiered on June 2, 2009. In June 2009, Hilton shot "Paris Hilton's Dubai BFF". Runner-up of the British series Kat McKenzie died on July 3, 2009 of a suspected overdose.

Hilton guest-starred in the fifth episode of ''Supernatural'''s fifth season. "Paris Hilton is playing a demonic creature that takes the form of... Paris Hilton," creator and executive producer Eric Kripke said in a statement. "It'll be a fun, irreverent episode and we here at ''Supernatural'' are thrilled that Paris agreed to do it."

Hilton guest-starred in an episode of ''I Get That a Lot'' in 2010, on CBS, as a gas station attendant.

2004–present: Singing

Hilton founded Heiress Records, a sub-label of Warner Bros. Records, in 2004 and released her self-titled debut album, ''Paris'', under that label on August 22, 2006. Although the album reached number six on the ''Billboard'' 200 for a week, its total sales volume has been low – but the first single "Stars Are Blind" was a top ten hit in 17 countries. ''Allmusic'' commented that the album was "more fun than anything released by Britney Spears or Jessica Simpson, and a lot fresher, too." As a whole, critical reception was mixed. Paris Hilton can also be heard singing on the soundtrack to the musical ''Repo! The Genetic Opera''. In an interview, the director, Darren Lynn Bousman, praised her vocal skills. When talking about Hiltons' vocal audition process for the role, Bouseman said, "We gave her some music and said, 'You have one day to come back and perform this.' She came back the next day, memorized everything, was pitch-perfect, I mean she was awesome."

On July 16, 2007, Hilton confirmed that she was working on a new album with producer Scott Storch. In a recent interview with MTV, Hilton decided that her second album is going to be a dance album. She stated that she "loves Bob Sinclar" and wants to create dance-music vibe. Hilton has installed a professional recording studio in her house to work on the album. On September 30, 2008, Hilton premiered her song "My BFF" on KIIS-FM with host Ryan Seacrest. It is the first single from her as yet untitled second studio album and the theme song of her show ''Paris Hilton's My New BFF''. Hilton stated that she finished working on the album. A second song "Paris For President" was released along with a music video late October 2008.

For her second studio album, she has confirmed six tracks: "Jailhouse Baby", "Platinum Blonde", "Crave" and "My BFF", "Paris For President", and "Girl Tax", "My BFF" and "Paris For President" were released in 2008 as the first two singles. In November 2008, Hilton talked with ''Entertainment Weekly'' backstage at the American Music Awards and she told them that she has finished her second album, and "wrote all the songs". The album is featuring production by Mike Green who worked with the bands Paramore and The Matches. In December 2008, she was looking for a label to release her album, she told ''Entertainment Weekly''. "I'm not sure which label I'm doing it with," she said. "I'm figuring it out right now." Later that month she stated her intention to release her album under her own record label Heiress Records.

2004–06: Writing

In the autumn of 2004, Hilton released an autobiographical book, ''Confessions of an Heiress: A Tongue-in-Chic Peek Behind the Pose'', co-written by Merle Ginsberg, which includes full color photographs of her and her advice on life as an heiress. Hilton reportedly received a $100,000 advance payment for this book. Some in the media panned the writing as amateurish, and the book was parodied by Robert Mundell on ''The Late Show with David Letterman''. The book became a ''New York Times'' bestseller. Hilton followed it up with a designer diary, also with Ginsberg, called ''Your Heiress Diary: Confess It All to Me''.

In September 2009, Hilton's quote: "Dress cute wherever you go, life is too short to blend in" has been added to The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. On

Celebrity status

She denied proclaiming herself as the "iconic blonde of the decade" such as Diana, Princess of Wales, and Marilyn Monroe in the May 2007 issue of ''Harper's Bazaar''. She appeared in the 2007 ''Guinness World Records'' as the world's "Most Overrated Celebrity". In a poll conducted by the Associated Press and AOL, Hilton was voted the second "Worst Celebrity Role Model of 2006", behind Britney Spears. According to a 2011 poll conducted by Ipsos, Hilton is the most unpopular celebrity among Americans, with 60% of the responders having an unfavorable opinion on her. Critics suggest that Hilton epitomizes the title of famous for being famous; echoing that sentiment, the Associated Press conducted what they called an experiment in February 2007, trying not to report on Hilton for a whole week. Hilton has often appeared in FHM's 100 Sexiest Women poll, ranking at #34 in 2006, #23 in 2005 and #59 in 2004.

2008 parody Presidential campaign

Paris Hilton had originally endorsed then-Senator Hillary Clinton for President during the Democratic primaries, but upon Clinton's loss of the nomination, Paris decided that she wasn't going to vote at all in the 2008 United States Presidential election. However, on August 6, 2008 Hilton appeared in a 1 minute 50 second long video online, ''"Paris Hilton Responds to McCain Ad"'', directed by Adam McKay and posted on the Funny or Die website. The video featured Hilton in a parody advertisement, and was made in response to a television campaign advert ''"Celeb"'', by the 2008 John McCain presidential campaign. In ''Celeb'', McCain briefly compared his rival Barack Obama to that of celebrities such as Hilton and Britney Spears, going on to question his readiness to lead and criticize his energy policy.

In what ''The Washington Post'' opined "might just be her best acting role yet," Hilton appears in the video wearing a leopard print swimsuit. She starts out by suggesting that her personal mention by McCain means that she must now be a candidate in the presidential race, and goes on to mock McCain, and critique the expected qualities and lifestyle of a celebrity in comparison to that of a US president. In a 30 second segment, in the style of an academic speaker, Hilton compares and contrasts the policies of McCain and Obama for solving the US energy crisis, and goes on to propose a 'compromise solution' combining elements of both.

The video received 7 million views in two days garnering worldwide press coverage, and drew both written and verbal media response from both campaigns. The merits and drawbacks of the 'Paris compromise solution' with regard to energy policy, as well as its contrast to the adversarial political campaigns, generated multiple comments from US political commentators, as well as Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi and Congressman Michael Burgess.

Continuing the spoof campaign, in October Hilton featured in a second parody video posted on Funny or Die, the 2 minute 20 second long ''"Paris Hilton Gets Presidential with Martin Sheen"'', alongside Hollywood actor Martin Sheen, with his son, actor Charlie Sheen, appearing in a cameo role. Hilton, heavily made up and in a green evening dress, interviews Martin Sheen in a kitchen, discussing various political issues, seeking his advice from his days playing a fictional President on ''The West Wing''.

Products and endorsements

Hilton helped design a collection of purses for Japanese label Samantha Thavasa, and also a jewelry line for Amazon.com.

In 2004, Hilton was involved in the creation of a perfume line by Parlux Fragrances. Originally set to be a small release, high demand led to a wider release before December 2004. The launch was followed by a 47 percent increase in sales of Parlux products, predominantly due to sales of the Hilton-branded perfume. After the success of Hilton's perfume, Parlux Fragrances released several more perfumes with her name, including fragrances for men. Hilton launched a new fragrance in October 2007, called ''Can Can''. This is her fourth women's fragrance after ''Paris Hilton'', ''Just Me'', and ''Heiress''. During the month of November 2008, Hilton released her fifth fragrance for women called, ''Fairy Dust''. In July 2009, her sixth fragrance for women ''Siren'' was launched.

In January 2007, Hilton released the DreamCatchers line of hair extensions in partnership with Hair Tech International. In early August 2007, Hilton signed a licensing agreement with Antebi for a signature footwear line, "Paris Hilton Footwear", featuring stilettos, platforms, flats, wedges, and a sports collection, expected to reach stores in 2008. In mid August 2007, Hilton launched a line of tops, dresses, coats, and jeans at Kitson boutique in Los Angeles.

In 2005, Hilton lent her name to a chain of nightclubs owned by Fred Khalilian and known as ''Club Paris''. This association ended in January 2007 after she had failed to attend several scheduled promotional appearances.

In December 2007, Hilton posed nude, covered in gold paint, to promote "Rich Prosecco", a canned version of an Italian sparkling wine. She also traveled to Germany to promote the drink, appearing in various print ads for the product.

In February 2010, Hilton participated in an advertising campaign for the launch of the Brazilian beer Devassa Bem Loura, whose slogan in English roughly translates to "very blonde bitch". As part of the campaign, Hilton joined the brewery's float in the carnival of Rio de Janeiro. Despite the buzz caused by Hilton in Rio de Janeiro, Devassa beer had captured just 0.2% of the market at the end of 2010

Personal life

Hilton loves small dogs, and lives with a Yorkshire Terrier and a female Chihuahua named Tinkerbell among many other pets. Hilton is frequently seen carrying Tinkerbell (dubbed an "accessory dog") at social events and functions, and in all five seasons of television reality show ''The Simple Life''. In 2004, Tinkerbell "authored" a memoir, ''The Tinkerbell Hilton Diaries''. On August 12, 2004, Tinkerbell went missing after Hilton's apartment was burgled, and a $5,000 reward was offered for her safe return. She was found six days later. By December 1, 2004, Tinkerbell was again spotted with Hilton at various events. Hilton has also purchased a male Chihuahua on July 25, 2007 from Pets of Bel Air in Los Angeles. Hilton's love for man's best friend led her to create an apparel line for dogs called Little Lily by Paris Hilton, with some of the proceeds going to benefit animal rescue. "I have 17 dogs and I like to dress them, so I started designing this clothing line and it's really cute, like dresses and jeans — everything you can imagine for humans, but for dogs," she said in an interview during Super Bowl XLII festivities. Hilton's love for her dogs led to the rumor that she wanted to be frozen with them at the Cryonics Institute, but Hilton denied the rumor on ''The Ellen DeGeneres Show''.

On January 22, 2007, Hilton's private life was thrust into the media spotlight with the launch of ParisExposed.com, a website that features images of personal documents, video, and other material allegedly obtained when the contents of a storage locker rented by Hilton was auctioned off due to lack of a $208 payment. The website began charging online access to this material and received 1.2 million visitors in just over 40 hours. Among the contents were medications, diaries, photographs, contracts and love letters, as well as a video of her shot by Joe Francis of Girls Gone Wild. On February 3, 2007 Hilton obtained a temporary injunction against ParisExposed.com, closing down the website.

On February 5, 2007, CNN's ''Anderson Cooper 360'' discussed footage obtained from the ParisExposed.com website which features Hilton using the ethnic slurs "niggers", "chink", "Jappy" and the derogatory term "faggot".

In an interview with Larry King on June 28, 2007, Hilton stated that she is a practicing Roman Catholic, adding that after serving time in jail she started reading the Bible again and goes to mass on a regular basis.

Relationships

Hilton was engaged to fashion model Jason Shaw from mid-2002 to early 2003. In 2003–2004 she had a relationship with singer Nick Carter. Later she was engaged to Greek shipping heir Paris Latsis, from May 29, 2005 to November 2005. Thereafter, she began dating another Greek shipping heir, Stavros Niarchos III, before breaking up in May 2006. In early 2008, she was spotted with Good Charlotte guitarist Benji Madden and in May, Hilton announced her intention to marry Madden during an interview with television talk-show host David Letterman. The two broke up in November 2008, and "remain very good friends". She began dating ''The Hills'' star Doug Reinhardt in February 2009; Hilton has also referred to her intention to marry Reinhardt, saying "He's gonna be my husband." The couple broke up in June 2009, only to get back together again in August of the same year. On April 13, 2010, Hilton reportedly split from Reinhardt because she was worried he was just using her to further his career. Shortly after splitting from Reinhardt, Hilton started dating Cy Waits, entrepreneur and co-owner of Tryst Nightclub and XS Nightclub in Las Vegas.. Hilton expressed that she would like to marry Cy, stating: "“I can see myself marrying him. We are so happy!”.. In late June 2011, Hilton revealed that the couple had split up and remained close friends.

Hilton told ''Live with Regis and Kelly'': "One-night stands are not for me. I think it's gross when you just give it up. Guys want you more, if you don't just hand it to them on a platter."

Sex tape

A homemade sex video of Hilton and then-boyfriend Rick Salomon was leaked on the Internet in 2003, later released as the DVD ''1 Night in Paris'' despite attempted legal action. It appeared a week prior to the premiere of ''The Simple Life''.

Bling Ring burglaries

Hilton was burglarized at least five times by the Bling Ring. In most cases they were only after cash and clothes. However, during their final burglary of her home, a participant usually not present as a member of the group stole around $2 million in jewelry from her, carrying it out in one of her Louis Vuitton bags. It was only after this theft that she informed police of having been burglarized.

Heiress

In December 2007, Hilton's grandfather, Barron Hilton, pledged 97 percent of his estate (the Hilton family fortune) to a charitable organization founded by his father, Conrad N. Hilton, the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation. As a result, the inheritance of his grandchildren is sharply diminished. An immediate pledge of $1.2 billion was made (the proceeds of the sale of Hilton Hotels Corporation), with a further $1.1 billion due after his death. He cited the actions of his father, Conrad N. Hilton, as the motivation for his pledge. Conrad, Barron's father, had left 97% of his estate to the Conrad N. Hilton Foundaton and Barron subsequently contested his father's will to win back a sizeable amount of the Hilton family fortune in a settlement. By leaving his estate to the Foundation, Barron is donating not only the fortune he has amassed on his own, but he is also returning the Hilton family fortune amassed by his father, Conrad, to the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation, where it would have gone over 30 years ago had Barron not contested his father's will. Barron said he is proud to follow his father's example.

Legal issues

In September 2006, Hilton was arrested and charged with driving under the influence of alcohol with a blood alcohol content of 0.08%, the level at which it is illegal to drive in California. Hilton's driving license was subsequently suspended in November 2006, and in January 2007 she pleaded no contest to a reckless driving charge. Her punishment was 36 months' probation and fines of about $1,500.

On January 15, 2007, Hilton was pulled over for driving with a suspended license and signed a document acknowledging that she was not permitted to drive.

On February 27, 2007 Hilton was caught driving 70 mph in a 35 mph zone, again with a suspended license. She also did not have her headlights on even though it was after dark. Prosecutors in the office of the Los Angeles City Attorney charged that those actions, along with the failure to enroll in a court-ordered alcohol education program, constituted a violation of the terms of her probation.

On May 4, 2007 Hilton was sentenced by Judge Michael T. Sauer to 45 days in jail for violating her probation. Initially, Hilton planned to appeal the sentence, and supported an online petition asking California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger for a pardon. The petition was created and organized on May 5, 2007 by Joshua Morales. In response, various opponents started a counter-petition to maintain the sentence. Both petitions attracted tens of thousands of signatures. Hilton later switched lawyers and dropped her plans to appeal.

Hilton was required to begin her jail term on June 5, 2007, and checked herself into the Century Regional Detention Facility, an all-female jail in Lynwood, California after attending the 2007 MTV Movie Awards on June 3, 2007. However Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca signed orders on June 7, reassigning Hilton to 40 days of home confinement with an electronic monitoring device due to an unspecified medical condition. Baca commented on the release saying, "My message to those who don't like celebrities is that punishing celebrities more than the average American is not justice," contesting that under normal circumstances, Hilton would not have served any time in jail, and he added that "The special treatment, in a sense, appears to be because of her celebrity status ... She got more time in jail". On the same day that Hilton was released from jail, Judge Michael Sauer summoned her to reappear in court the following morning (June 8) as the sentencing statement had explicitly said she would serve time in jail with "No work furlough. No work release. No electronic monitoring." At the hearing he declined to be briefed by Hilton's attorney in private chambers on the nature of her condition and sent her back to jail to serve out her original 45-day sentence. Upon hearing the sentence, Hilton shouted, "It's not right!" and started screaming, requesting to hug her mother who was present in the courtroom. Concern about Hilton's condition led to her being moved to the medical wing of the Twin Towers Correctional Facility in Los Angeles, and she was moved back to the Century Regional Detention Facility in Lynwood on June 13.

While in jail, Hilton was influenced by the clergyman minister Marty Angelo: Hilton referred to starting a "new beginning" during her interview with talk show host Larry King on June 28, 2007, two days after being released from jail, and quoted from Angelo's autobiography, entitled ''Once Life Matters: A New Beginning''. On June 9, 2007, Marty Angelo petitioned Sauer, asking to serve out the remainder of Hilton's jail sentence if the judge would release her to an alternative treatment program, but the petition was turned down.

On July 2, 2010, Hilton was accused of smoking marijuana at the 2010 FIFA World Cup game between Brazil and the Netherlands. She was escorted from the Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium by local police, however the case was later dismissed for unknown reasons. Hilton's publicist, Dawn Miller, stated "I can confirm that the incident was a complete misunderstanding and it was actually another person in the group who did it".

On July 17, 2010, Hilton was detained and released after being caught in possession of cannabis at Figari airport, Corsica.

On August 28, 2010 she was arrested on suspicion of cocaine possession in Las Vegas. Initially her defence claimed that the handbag containing 0.8g of cocaine was not hers as "This purse in question was a high street brand – and by no means up to her high fashion standards.". Later she claimed some of the personal items (like cash and credit cards) from the bag acknowledging it was hers.

In order to avoid being convicted on felony, Hilton pleaded guilty to two misdemeanors on September 17, 2010. Under the terms of the plea bargain, she was sentenced to one year probation, 200 hours community service, $2,000 fine and ordered to complete a drug abuse program. Clark County District Attorney David Roger said that: "If she is arrested for anything besides a minor traffic violation she will spend a year in jail. There will be no discussion. The court will have no discretion."

On September 21, 2010, while travelling to a press conference in Tokyo to promote fashion and fragrance lines, Hilton and her sister Nicky were stopped by immigration officers at Narita Airport, Japan because of Hilton's conviction for drug possession a day earlier. Under Japan's strict anti-drug laws, all people sentenced for any drug crime are in general denied entry. Narita officials questioned Hilton "for hours" and Hilton and her sister were forced to sleep over at the airport-hotel. On September 22, Japanese authorities decided not to grant Hilton entry into the country and she was put on a plane back to the U.S. the same day. Other stops on their Asian promotion tour were cancelled, as countries like Indonesia and Malaysia have even tougher anti-drug laws.

Filmography

! Year	! Film	! Role	Notes
1993	''Wishman''	Girl on Beach
2000	''Sweetie Pie''
2001	''Zoolander''	Herself	Cameo
2002		Jo
2002	''QIK2JDG''	Strung-out Supermodel
2003	''L.A. Knights''	Sadie
2003		Barbie	Cameo role
2003	''''	Female Club-Goer	Cameo role
2004		Madison	TV series, 1 episode: "Things That Go Jump in the Night" (1.14)
2004	''Win a Date with Tad Hamilton!''	Heather
2004		Ashley	TV series, 1 episode: "Jason Tutors Max" (3.18)
2004	''''	Kate
2004	''''	Heather Smith
2004	''Raising Helen''	Amber
2004	''1 Night In Paris''	Herself	Pornographic film
2004	''Veronica Mars''	Caitlin Ford
2005	''American Dreams''	Barbara Eden	TV series, 1 episode: "California Dreamin'" (3.15)
2005		Paige Edwards	Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress
2006		Lisa Mancini
2006	''Pledge This!''	Victoria English
2008	''''	Cristabel Abbott	Golden Raspberry Award for Worst ActressGolden Raspberry Award for Worst Screen Couple
2008	''Repo! The Genetic Opera''	Amber Sweet	Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress
2008	''''	Herself
2009	''Rex''	Paris	TV film
2009	''Pedal to the Metal''	Jane	In production
2009			TV series, 1 episode: "Fallen Idols" (5.5)
2010	''The Dog Who Saved Christmas Vacation''	Bella	ABC Family Film
2011	''The World According to Paris''	Herself	TV Series, debuted in United States on Oxygen (TV channel) in June 2011

Discography

''Paris'' (2006)

Bibliography

''Confessions of an Heiress: A Tongue-in-Chic Peek Behind the Pose'', 2004, ISBN 0-7432-6664-1

''Your Heiress Diary: Confess It All to Me'', 2005, ISBN 0-7432-8714-2

References

External links

Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:21st-century actors Category:21st-century women writers Category:Actors from California Category:Actors from New York City Category:Actors from Los Angeles, California Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American businesspeople Category:American dance musicians Category:American female models Category:American female singers Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American memoirists Category:American pop singers Category:American socialites Category:American women in business Category:American people of Norwegian descent Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American musicians of German descent Category:American musicians of Scottish descent Category:American musicians of Irish descent Category:American people of Scottish descent Category:American musicians of Italian descent Category:Participants in American reality television series Category:People convicted of drug offenses Category:People from the Greater Los Angeles Area Category:People from New York City Category:Warner Bros. Records artists

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